This study uses " Multiple Indicators â Multiple Causes" (MIMIC) approach to model the causal relations between main variables, which determine the underground economy in Iran. we Basically, it examines the relationship ...

The behavior of exchange rate in various exchange markets is not seemingly predictable, while there are different forecasting methods to do so. One of these methods is to use fractals to identify exchange rate behavior. ...

Welfare effect of tariff for a small country in the case of traditional tariff (exogenous) compared to free trade would decrease the welfare of the country. This paper has shown that the welfare effect of tariff in case ...

This is undoubtedly recognized that economic performance for each country over time is related to a great extent to its political, institutional and legal environment. In fact, these institutions and policies are that ...

The objective of this study has been to develop a typical specification of the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) for Iranâ s composition of imports including capital, intermediate and consumer goods. Accordingly, we first ...