Oral Contraceptive and Breast Cancer Risks: a Case Control Study in Six Referral Hospitals in Indonesia

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to understand the effects of the use of oral contraceptive to breast cancer risk in six<br />referral hospitals in Indonesia. Methods: The research design was hospital based case-control, conducted in 2013.<br />Population was women patients aged 15 years and above in six cancer-referral hospitals in five provinces. Total of 762<br />people were included in this study consisting of 381 who are diagnosed with breast cancer as confirmed by histopathologic<br />examination in inpatient surgery ward, and 381 people who are not diagnosed with breast cancer based on interview<br />in outpatient surgery ward as control group. A set of data were collected including the use of oral contraceptives, age,<br />early menarche, childbirth status, breastfeeding status, obesity, unhealthy diet, history of benign breast tumors, family<br />history of breast cancer, and age of menopause. Result: Results showed that Odds Ratio (OR) of patients using oral<br />contraceptive (95% CI 1.65– 5.09) as compared to people who did not use oral contraceptive. Conclusion: Use of oral contraceptive<br />in patients was indicated to increase the risk of breast cancer. Longer the duration of using oral contraceptive tend to<br />have higher the risk of breast cancer.