Epidemiology and Estimating the Risk Factors for the Transfer of Hepatitis B Virus Using Multivariate Analysis Model: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

Abstract

Background and aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the important public health diseases in Iran.<br />Therefore, to control the prevalence of the disease, knowledge is required regarding the risk factor of<br />HBV. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the risk factors of HB transmission.<br />Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted on the possible risk factors of HBV<br />transmission. To this end, a total of 171 patients with HBV infection and 171 controls from Rasoul-e-<br />Akram hospital were investigated during 2015-2018. All subjects were directly evaluated using a faceto-<br />face questionnaire about demographic aspects. Finally, HBV infection and its risk factors among the<br />subjects were detected using hepatitis B surface antigen test.<br />Results: Overall, 171 HBV patients including 77 (42%) males and 93 (58%) females were evaluated.<br />The mean age of the participants was 40 ± 13 years. Univariate logistic analysis showed that HBV<br />infection in these cases was associated with addiction injection (odds ratio [OR] = 4.08, CI:1.3-<br />9.57), family history (OR = 4.52, CI: 1.27-10.7), and having a history of blood transfusion (OR =<br />3.16, CI: 1.52-5.37). There were no significant relationships between the liver function tests, alcohol<br />consumption, the history of dental visits, and HBV participants. In addition, the logistic-regression<br />model proved that patients with a history of HBV-infected parents (At least one of them) and addiction<br />injection were severely subject to HB infection. In other words, there was a significant association<br />between a history of HBV-infected parents and addiction injection and HB infection.<br />Conclusion: In general, HBV infection was strongly related to having a family member infected with<br />hepatitis B, suffering from addiction injection, and having blood injection.