Influence of plant growth regulators (BA, TDZ, 2-iP and NAA) on micropropagation of Aglaonema widuri

Abstract

<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><em><span><span style="font-size: medium;">Aglaonema widuri</span></span></em><span><span style="font-size: medium;"> is an evergreen and indoor ornamental plant. This study aimed to investigate the effect of some plant growth regulators on micropropagation of <em>A. widuri</em>. A protocol was developed for high frequency <em>in vitro </em>multiplication of <em>A. widuri </em>on the same medium for both shoots and roots induction. This condition decreases time duration and cost of micropropagation. Apical buds as explants were obtained from greenhouse-grown <em>A. widuri</em> and were established on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Three cytokinins including N</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">6</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;">-benzyladenine (BA; 0.00, 3.00, 3.50, and 4.00 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;">), 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thiaiazol-5-yl), urea (TDZ; 0.00, 0.50, and 1.00 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;">), and </span></span><span><span style="font-size: medium;">N</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">6</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;">-(2-isopentenyl) adenine </span></span><span><span style="font-size: medium;">(2-iP; 0.00 and 7.00 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;">), along with one auxin [α-naphtalene acetic acid (NAA; 0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, and 0.40 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;">) were studied for their effect on micropropagation of <em>A. widuri</em>. The plantlets were transferred to pots and grown in the greenhouse with a success rate of 95%. BA and NAA treatments as 3.00 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;">+ 0.2 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> recorded the highest shoot proliferation rate (number: 6.00 shoots and length: 7.75 cm per explant). Treatment of 4.00 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> BA + 0.10 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> NAA + 0.50 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> TDZ produced maximum nodes (13.25 per explant). The largest number of leaves (4.25 per explant) was produced in the medium containing 3.50 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> BA + 0.20 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> NAA. Maximum root initiation and development (14.25 per explant) was obtained on the medium containing 3.00 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> BA + 0.20 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> NAA. The combination of 3.50 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> BA + 0.20 mg l</span>^{<span style="font-size: small;">-1</span>}<span style="font-size: medium;"> NAA was found to be the most suitable growth regulator for obtaining the highest root length (8.25 cm per explant).</span></span></span>