Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of Conventional Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Denture Base Resin Materials Containing Hydrothermally Synthesised Anatase TiO2 Nanotubes against Cariogenic Bacteria and <i>Candida albicans</i>

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of a conventionalpoly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) modified with hydrothermally synthesised titaniumdioxide nanotubes (TNTs). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidalconcentration (MBC), and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFC) for planktonic cellsof the TiO2 nanotubes solution against Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus mutans andCandida albicans were determined. The powder of conventional acrylic resin was modifiedusing 2.5% and 5% by weight synthesised titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes, and rectangularshapedspecimens (10 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm) were fabricated. The antimicrobial propertiesof ultraviolet (UV) and non-UV irradiated modified, and non-modified acrylic resins wereevaluated using the estimation of planktonic cell count and biofilm formation of the threemicroorganisms mentioned above. The data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA), followed by a post-hoc Tukey's test at a significance level of 5%. MIC, forStreptococcus. mutans, Lactobacillus. acidophilus, and Candida. albicans, MBC for S. mutansand L. acidophilus and MFC for Candida. albicans were obtained more than 2100 μg/mL.The results of this study indicated a significant reduction in both planktonic cell count andbiofilm formation of modified UV-activated acrylic specimens compared with the controlgroup (p = 0.00). According to the results of the current study, it can be concluded that PMMA/TiO2 nanotube composite can be considered as a promising new material for antimicrobialapproaches.