Toxicity Effect of Oil Spill Dispersants on Litopenaeus Vannamei

Abstract

One of the most chemical methods for controlling of oil spills is use of dispersants, which are<br />widely being used worldwide. In this research, comparison of acute toxicity of crude oil of the Persian Gulf-<br />Khark area (CO), Iranian Naftroob crude oil dispersant (IND), Radiagreen OSD dispersant crude oil (RD), the<br />mixture of crude oil and Iranian Naftroob dispersant ( CO-IND) and crude oil with Radiagreen OSD dispersant<br />(CO-RD) was carried out. For this purpose, the concentrations of both dispersants were equal: 10.5, 21, 42,<br />84 and 168 mg/L. The concentrations of 8.4+16, 16.8+336, 33.6+672, 67.2+1344 and 134.4+2688 mg/L were<br />used for dispersants-crude oil mixtures and the concentrations of 168, 336, 672, 1344 and 2688 mg/L were<br />used for crude oil alone. Litopenaeus vannamei was used for bioassay toxicity test. 48-h LC50 was estimated<br />by Probit value table. Relationship between efficiency and toxicity (RET) was also estimated. 48-h LC50 for<br />CO, IND, RD, CO-IND and CO-RD were 1741, 17.21, 43.52, 631.456, 357.089 mg/L, respectively. The<br />results were obtained by these tests were shown that CO alone is less toxic than the IND, RD and also COIND<br />and CO-RD. Moreover, CO-IND was less toxic than CO-RD. With regard to the efficiency of IND had<br />a lower (RET = 34.8) than RD (RET = 39) and so, it was more efficient.