Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in Hurghada coastal sediment, Red Sea, Egypt

Abstract

<span>Twenty samples of Ø3, Ø4 and Ø5 (fine fractions) were collected from four coastal areas (Sheraton, Magawish, Marina and Al mina) in Hurghada, Egypt. Total organic matter (TOM), total organic carbon (TOC) and heavy metals were estimated in the recommended fractions. Results showed that Fe and Pb recorded the highest concentrations with</span><span> 71.7 and 39 mg/kg</span><span> respectively. Marina area fractions has the highest carbonate content </span><span>varied between 50.7 and 65.7 </span><span>while Magawish area fractions have the lowest organic matter content and carbonate </span><span>between 10% and 9.40%</span><span>. On the other hand, Sheraton area has the highest organic matter content. The Principal Component Analysis<span lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">) </span>PCA) indicate the anthropogenic sources of Zn and Pb at the Red Sea coast based on Sediment Quality Guidelines(SQGs).According to the Enrichment factor (EF) and the geo-accumulation factor (Igeo), Cu and Pb were the highest enriched elements due to anthropogenic contamination; consequently, the studied areas were classified as moderately to highly contaminate by Cu and Pb at Hurghada. </span>