Fabrication of single-phase superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles from factory waste soil

Abstract

The application of Iron (III) oxide nanoparticles in biology and medicine is much more than the other magnetic nanoparticles. Biocompatibility with human body, stability and ease of production caused the wide range of its development. Single-phase iron (III) oxide nanoparticles were synthesis by use of factory waste soil instead of feedstock with low temperature wet chemical cleaving oxygen method. With respect to the precursor material that is factory waste soil (feedstock), it is cost-effective economically and also is innovative. In this synthesis method, single-phase iron(III) oxide were obtained by acid digestion of waste soil. The nanoparticles were analyzed by: Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) that the crystallite size of nanoparticles calculated by XRD peaks and Debye-Scherrer formula and obtained 11 nm. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images showed the spherical shape of nanoparticles with average size of 10 nm. Vibrating sample magnetometery (VSM) analysis was applied to determine the magnetic saturation and the size of nanoparticles was estimated 9 nm from this analysis. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy gently shows the atomic bond between iron and oxygen (Fe-O) in nanoparticles. The results of X-ray Diffraction show that the sample was synthesized are cubic Spinel single-phase.