Enhancing the Mechanical Strength of Polyaniline through Doping with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Abstract

The incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of polyaniline (PANI) significantly enhances its electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties. Doping PANI with CNTs improves electrical conductivity by promoting efficient charge transfer through the polymer matrix, attributed to the synergistic interaction between the CNTs and PANI framework. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), in particular, exhibit superior mechanical durability and charge mobility due to their larger diameter and exceptional mechanical properties, providing enhanced reinforcement compared to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The CNTs presence significantly increased the thermal stability of the composite. MWCNTs excel at heat dissipation, boasting remarkable thermal conductivity. This makes the composite a champion for heat management applications. This study revealed a novel method for creating PANI/MWCNT composites. It employs in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization with ultrasonically dispersed MWCNTs. This technique guarantees even spread of MWCNTs throughout the polymer matrix. This approach greatly enhances the interaction of PANI with MWCNTs. Consequently, the structural integrity and performance are improved compared to conventional methods. The present research relies heavily on X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). This study investigates how CNT integration reshapes the molecular structure, boosts the thermal stability, and enhances the conductivity of the composites. Ultimately, the CNT-infused PANI composites retain pure PANI in electronics, thermal regulation, and mechanical strengthening.