Neurotoxicological manifestations among drug abusers admitted to Alexandria poison unit and Al-Mamora hospital: prospective study

Abstract

Background: Neurotoxicity is a significant contributor to neurodegenerative disorders, often linked to drug abuse, a critical issue affecting Egyptian youth during their productive years. The aim of the study was: a) To describe the neurotoxic effects of acute and chronic use of drugs of abuse in patients admitted to Alexandria poison unit (APU) and Al-Mamora hospital addiction treatment unit (MH), b) To evaluate them regarding age, sex, education, residency, marital status, cause, family history, past history and study the presentation, pattern of abuse, relapse, identify the risk factors, and c) To assess facilities to prevent further morbidity and mortality.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on all patients with neurotoxicological manifestations due to drug abuse admitted to APU and MH from June 1st to December 31st, 2020. Data collected included demographics, full history of medications, mental and neurological examinations, and investigations.Results: Among 242 patients, drug abuse spanned both sexes and all age groups. Most patients were single, educated, unemployed, or working in skilled labor. Smoking and repeated relapses were common, highlighting the chronic and challenging nature of drug abuse.Conclusion: Drug abuse is a persistent problem requiring community awareness and collaboration among ministries. A targeted healthcare program with preventive and curative measures is essential to mitigate its impact.