Future prospects for solar energy production and storage in Iran

Abstract

Iran possesses 10% of the world's oil and 15% of global gas resources, with an energy intensity of 8 MJ per dollar of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Over the past decade, Iran has become one of the highest emitters of carbon dioxide (CO2), following Japan and Germany. Additionally, the global climate change-induced water crisis has impacted the generation of electricity from hydropower. With 300 sunny days per year and an average solar irradiance of 5.5 kWh/m2 per day, Iran has substantial potential for solar energy. This potential could play a crucial role in transitioning from fossil-based energy systems to achieve long-term energy security and sustainability. Supporting renewable energy systems and technologies in Iran requires robust research and development efforts. In this context, the Niroo Research Institute (NRI), affiliated with the Iranian Ministry of Energy (MoE), is at the forefront of advancing renewable energy technologies. The Niroo Research Institute (NRI) has developed a national strategy and action plan aimed at advancing and localizing renewable energy systems. This study provides an overview of Iran's renewable energy potential, current status, strategies, perspectives, promotion policies, major achievements, and energy options. It includes a detailed action plan, offering a framework for designing a roadmap for Iran's energy transition.