The Survey of Unsafe Acts as the Risk Factors of Accidents in Using Taxis for Intercity Travelling in Tehran

Abstract

Backgrounds and Objective: Car accidents as global concern are expanding in developing countries. Since the majority of taxi traffic accidents are not caused by travelers and are concerned to taxi drivers, other vehicles on the street and people in pavements, aim of this study was survey unsafe acts of taxi drivers as big group of occupational drivers. Materials and Methods: Due to an approximate discipline in working of linear taxi drivers than others, especially in terms of hours and duration of daily work, were selected for this study. Drivers’ Unsafe Acts checklist with 30 given act were prepared and completed by trained personnel as a passenger in the taxi. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 18 and used t-test and spearman correlation coefficient. Results: Results showed that most of linear taxi drivers of Tehran city (57.2%) have the cheapest domestic production car (pride and Paykan). The frequency of total unsafe acts of linear taxi of Tehran city was about 52.5% and more than 46% of drivers unsafe acts were frequency more than 80%. About 50% of taxi drivers did not wear seat belt and the most of them (95.6%) did not pay attention to wearing seat belt of their passengers. Kilometer display 35.4% of taxi drivers in this study have failure and this issue is so important in drivers’ perceptual judgment. Conclusion: according to result of current study the frequency of taxi drivers’ unsafe act are very high and thus, effective interventions program for promotion of safety attitude and control taxi drivers’ unsafe act is necessary. REFERENCES 1. Bener A, Crundall D, Haigney D, Benisiali A, Al-Falasi A, editors. Driver Behavior, Stress, Error and Violations on the Road: A cross-cultural comparison study. 3rd International Conference on Traffic &Transport Psychology; 2004.2. Pormoallem N, Qorbani M, Zakeri H. Assessment of Mangement and Safety Engineering in Driving Safety Promotion in Iran. Traffic Mangement Studies. 2011;5(19):13. Persion.3. Shams M RA, Shojaeizadeh D, Majdzadeh S, Montazeri A. Hazardous behavior in taxi drivers at Tehran city: attitude, self-reported and observational behaviour. Payesh. 2010;4 (9):403-16.4. Statistical Yearbook of Road Maintenance and Transportation. Tehran: Road Maintenance and Transportation, Technology PD-OoI; 2010.5. Rad SE. The survey of human error and its relationship with driving accident. Tolo e Shargh. 2009;8(3):27-9.6. Yaghoobi H. The role of human factors in car accidents in Iran. Journal of Clinical psychology Andishe va Raftar. 2000;6(1):52-60.7. Heinrich HW, Petersen D, Roos N. Industrial accident prevention. McGraw-Hill New York; 1950.8. Hulbert S. Effects of driver fatigue: In TW Forbes (Ed.), Human Factors in Highway Traffic Safety Research, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, USA 1972. Abstr in Psychological Abstracts. Applied Ergonomics. 1974;5(3):171.9. Raouf A, Dhillon BS. Safety assessment: A quantitative approach: Lewis Publishers Boca Raton, Florida; 1994.10. Kheirabadi G, Bolhari J. Role of human factors in road accidents. Research of Behavioral Sciences. 2012;10(1):69-78.11. Statistics of fatal and injuries from road traffic accidents referred to legal medicine in 1389. Tehran: Iranian Legal Midicine Organization, Services DoSaC; 2010.12. Selected statistics and information Tehran urban transport. Tehran: Tehran Municipality, Transportation; 201013. Mohamadfam I. The survey of unsafe behaviores among Bus drivers of Hamedan city. Tabib e Shargh. 2002;5(4):251-9.14. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Traffic Safety Facts 2008 Data – Occupant Protection. 2008.15. Comprehencive training of traffic rules and regulations. Tehran: Naji Nashr; 2011. 232 p.16. Zangi Abadi A, Shiran GR, Gashtil KH. The survey of accidents cuases in highways : a case study in urban highways at Isfahan city. Rahvar studies. 2011;17(9):37-57.17. Administration NHTS. Traffic safety facts 2006: A compilation of motor vehicle crash data from the fatality analysis reporting system and the general estimates system. (NHTSA Publication No DOT- HS-810-818) Washington, DC: US Department of Transportation. 2006.18. Wang J-SK, Ronald R,Goodman, Michael J, editor The role of driver inattention in crashes: New statistics from the 1995 Crashworthiness Data System. 40th Annual Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine; 1996.19. Young K, Regan M, Hammer M. Driver distraction: A review of the literature. Distracted driving Sydney, Australasian College of Road Safety. 2006;17(1):379-405.20. Shams M, Rahimi-Movaghar V. Risky driving behaviors in Tehran, Iran. Traffic injury prevention. 2009;10(1):91-4.21. Ramsey JD. Ergonomic factors in task analysis for consumer product safety. Journal of Occupational Accidents. 1985;7(2):113-23.22. Evans L. Traffic safety and the driver. 1, editor: Science Serving Society; 1991.23. Damyar EA. Study of unsafe behaviors among city bus drivers in Hamadan, 2011. Modern Rehabilitation. 2012;1(1):53-61.