EVALUATION OF HISTOPATHOLOGIC FINDINGS OF KIDNEY BIOPSIES SPECIMEN REFERRED TO PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF URMIA IMAM KHOMEINI HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background & Aims: Renal glomerular disease is the most common cause of chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease in humans, and it is also one of the most significant causes of mortality and morbidity. A kidney biopsy is performed to diagnose kidney diseases. A renal biopsy can be helpful in reaching a diagnosis based on histopathological findings and can also provide valuable information about clinical symptoms and outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of various kidney diseases based on histopathological findings in kidney biopsies referred to the Pathology Department of Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 969 kidney biopsy specimens from patients with various kidney diseases and a history of kidney transplantation, collected from March 2013 to March 2018, were reviewed and included in the study. Information on demographic variables was extracted from all reports. The chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test if necessary) was used to compare the frequency of histopathological findings by gender or age groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 17 software, and a significance level of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results showed that glomerular diseases, with 523 patients (54%), and then transplant complications, with 171 patients (17.6%), had the highest frequency among histopathological findings. Among the clinical and paraclinical findings from the patients' history, rising creatinine levels had the highest prevalence, with 340 patients (35.1%), followed by proteinuria in 256 patients (26.4%). The results also showed that glomerular diseases had the highest frequency in all four age groups. Conclusion: Glomerular diseases are the most common diagnosis among kidney diseases. A rise in creatinine levels is the most common condition among the underlying issues of kidney diseases. The spectrum of kidney diseases varies with patients' age and gender.